Many organisms in the deep sea live in conditions where resources are rare and populations are small and sparse. Many of those species are also hermaphroditic. Which of these is a plausible explanation for high rates of hermaphroditic species there?
a. Reproductive assurance: any individual of the same species is a potential mate
b. Excess energy: excess resources can be allocated to the other sex function
c. Size advantage: males are more successful when large, but female fitness does not change with size
d. Small body size: one sex or the other needs only a miniscule body size for full function
e. Inbreeding: populations are inbred and hermaphroditism is a side effect