Answer:
Decreases by $2 million; Money supply decreases by $12.5 million
Explanation:
Given that,
Required reserve ratio = 16 percent
Government bonds sold by Fed = $2 million
Therefore, the economy's reserve decreases by:
= Change in money supply × Required reserve ratio
= $12.5 million × 0.16
= $2 million.
Money multiplier = 1 ÷ Required reserve ratio
= 1 ÷ 0.16
= 6.25
Money supply decreases by:
= Money multiplier × Decline in reserves
= 6.25 × $2 million
= $12.5 million