Answer
given,
Entrance exam in 1975
mean (μ) = 501
For 2005
Random sample = 40,000
x = 499
s = 100
test statistics
[tex]t = \dfrac{\bar{X}-\mu}{\dfrac{S}{\sqrt{n}}}[/tex]
[tex]t = \dfrac{499 - 501}{\dfrac{100}{\sqrt{40000}}}[/tex]
[tex]t = \dfrac{-2}{\dfrac{100}{200}}[/tex]
[tex]t = \dfrac{-2}{0.5}[/tex]
t = -4.000
P-Value = 0.000064