The types of RNA involved in protein synthesis are mRNA, tRNA and rRNA.
What is RNA?
- RNA stands for ribonucleic acid.
- It is a long chain of polynucleotide.
- Each nucleotide consists of: phosphate group, ribose sugar and nitrogenous bases.
- Nitrogenous bases is of two types: Purines and Pyrimidines.
- Purines consists of Adenine and Guanine whereas Pyrimidines consists of Cytosine and Uracil.
- The RNA (mRNA) is produced in nucleus of cell from DNA through a process called transcription.
Steps of protein synthesis:
- There are three types of RNA that are involved in protein synthesis (translation)- mRNA, tRNA and rRNA.
- mRNA also known as messenger RNA is produced during transcription. This then moves towards the ribosome.
- Ribosome is made of rRNA (also known as ribosomal RNA) which is a site of protein synthesis.
- The mRNA binds at the specific site of ribosome where tRNA (transfer RNA) brings specific amino acid according to the codons of mRNA. The amino acid then bind with each other through peptide bond forming protein.
Hence, three types of RNA (mRNA, tRNA and rRNA) are involved in protein synthesis.
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