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Which factor contributed to the massive loss of human lives during World War I?

Rough terrain in Europe led to ineffective transportation of the wounded, leading to needless deaths due to the lack of medical care.

Europeans experienced widespread starvation due to the redirection of agricultural goods to feed the troops.

New warfare technology was the main contributor to the massive loss of human lives during World War I.

New weaponry and technology did not address the stalemate of trench warfare, prolonging the war and leading to the massive loss of human lives.