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14. An enzyme-catalyzed reaction was carried out with the substrate concentration initially a thousand times greater than the Km for that substrate. After 9 minutes, 1% of the substrate had been converted to product, and the amount of product formed in the reaction mixture was 12 mol. If, in a separate experiment, one-third as much enzyme and twice as much substrate had been combined, how long would it take for the same amount (12 mol) of product to be formed?

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IthaloAbreu

Answer:

27 min

Explanation:

The kinetics of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction can be determined by the equation of Michaelis-Menten:

[tex]v = \frac{vmax[S]}{Km + [S]}[/tex]

Where v is the velocity in the equilibrium, vmax is the maximum velocity of the reaction (which is directed proportionally of the amount of the enzyme), Km is the equilibrium constant and [S] is the concentration of the substrate.

So, initially, the velocity of the formation of the substrate is 12μmol/9min = 1.33 μmol/min

If Km is a thousand times smaller then [S], then

v = vmax[S]/[S]

v = vmax

vmax = 1.33 μmol/min

For the new experiment, with one-third of the enzyme, the maximum velocity must be one third too, so:

vmax = 1.33/3 = 0.443 μmol/min

Km will still be much smaller then [S], so

v = vmax

v = 0.443 μmol/min

For 12 μmol formed:

0.443 = 12/t

t = 12/0.443

t = 27 min

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