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Which of the following statements is TRUE? Which of the following statements is TRUE? Two electrons in the same orbital can have the same spin. It is possible for two electrons in the same atom to have identical values for all four quantum numbers. An orbital that penetrates into the region occupied by core electrons is more shielded from nuclear charge than an orbital that does not penetrate and therefore has a lower energy. An orbital that penetrates into the region occupied by core electrons is less shielded from nuclear charge than an orbital that does not penetrate and therefore has a lower energy. None of the above are true.

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An orbital that penetrates into the region occupied by core electrons is less shielded from nuclear charge than an orbital that does not penetrate and therefore has a lower energy.

Explanation:

The only true statement from the given options is that "an orbital that penetrates into the region occupied by core electrons is less shielded from nuclear charge than an orbital that does not penetrate and therefore has a lower energy." Inner orbitals which are also known to contain core electrons feels the bulk of the nuclear pull on them compared to the outermost orbitals containing the valence electrons.

  • The nuclear pull is the effect of the nucleus pulling and attracting the electrons in orbitals.
  • This pull is stronger for inner orbitals and weak on the outer ones.
  • The outer orbitals are said to be well shielded from the pull of the nuclear charge.
  • Also, based on the quantum theory, electrons in the outer orbitals have higher energies because they occupy orbitals at having higher energy value.

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