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Arrange the following in order of increasing boiling point: RbCl, CH3Cl, CH3OH, CH4. A. CH3OH < CH4 < CH3Cl < RbCl B. RbCl < CH3Cl < CH3OH < CH4 C. CH4 < CH3OH < CH3Cl < RbCl D. CH3OH < CH3Cl < RbCl < CH4 E. CH4 < CH3Cl < CH3OH < RbCl

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Answer:

E. CH₄ < CH₃Cl < CH₃OH < RbCl

Explanation:

The molecule with the stronger intermolecular forces will have the higher boiling point.

The order of strength of intermolecular forces (strongest first) is

  • Ion-Ion
  • Hydrogen bonding
  • Dipole-dipole
  • London dispersion

RbCl is a compound of a metal and a nonmetal. It is an ionic compound, so it has the highest boiling point.

CH₃Cl has a C-Cl polar covalent bond. It has dipole-dipole forces, so it has the second lowest boiling point.

CH₃OH has an O-H bond. It has hydrogen bonding, so it has the second highest boiling point.

CH₄ has nonpolar covalent C-H bonds. It has only nonpolar bonds, so the only attractive forces are London dispersion forces. It has the lowest boiling point.

Thus, the order of increasing boiling points is

CH₄ < CH₃Cl < CH₃OH < RbCl

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