Respuesta :
Answer:
For a: The formula of lead (II) oxide and lead (IV) oxide is [tex]PbO\text{ and }PbO_2[/tex] respectively.
For b: The formula of lithium nitride, lithium nitrite and lithium nitrate is [tex]Li_3N,LiNO_2\text{ and }LiNO_3[/tex] respectively.
For c: The formula of Strontium hydride and strontium hydroxide is [tex]SrH_2\text{ and }Sr(OH)_2[/tex] respectively.
For d: The formula of magnesium oxide and manganese (II) oxide is [tex]MgO\text{ and }MnO[/tex] respectively.
Explanation:
All the given compounds are ionic compounds. This means that between the atoms complete sharing of electrons takes place.
- For a:
Lead is the 82th element of periodic table having electronic configuration of [tex][Xe]4f^{14}5d^{10}6s^26p^2[/tex].
To form [tex]Pb^{2+}[/tex] ion, this element will loose 2 electrons and to form [tex]Pb^{4+}[/tex] ion, this element will loose 4 electrons.
Oxygen is the 8th element of periodic table having electronic configuration of [tex][He]2s^22p^4[/tex].
To form [tex]O^{2-}[/tex] ion, this element will gain 2 electrons.
By criss-cross method, the oxidation state of the ions gets exchanged and they form the subscripts of the other ions. This results in the formation of a neutral compound.
So, the chemical formula for lead (II) oxide is PbO and for lead (IV) oxide is [tex]PbO_2[/tex]
Thus, the formula of lead (II) oxide and lead (IV) oxide is [tex]PbO\text{ and }PbO_2[/tex] respectively.
- For b:
Lithium is the 3rd element of periodic table having electronic configuration of [tex][He]2s^1[/tex].
To form [tex]Li^{+}[/tex] ion, this element will loose 1 electron.
Nitrogen is the 7th element of periodic table having electronic configuration of [tex][He]2s^22p^3[/tex].
To form [tex]N^{3-}[/tex] ion, this element will gain 3 electrons.
Nitrite ion is a polyatomic ion having chemical formula of [tex]NO_2^{-}[/tex]
Nitrate ion is a polyatomic ion having chemical formula of [tex]NO_3^{-}[/tex]
By criss-cross method, the oxidation state of the ions gets exchanged and they form the subscripts of the other ions. This results in the formation of a neutral compound.
So, the chemical formula for lithium nitride is [tex]Li_3N[/tex], for lithium nitrite is [tex] LiNO_2[/tex] and for lithium nitrate is [tex]LiNO_3[/tex]
Thus, the formula of lithium nitride, lithium nitrite and lithium nitrate is [tex]Li_3N,LiNO_2\text{ and }LiNO_3[/tex] respectively.
- For c:
Strontium is the 38th element of periodic table having electronic configuration of [tex][Kr]5s^2[/tex].
To form [tex]Sr^{2+}[/tex] ion, this element will loose 2 electrons.
Hydrogen is the 1st element of periodic table having electronic configuration of [tex]1s^1[/tex].
To form [tex]H^{-}[/tex] ion, this element will gain 1 electron and is named as hydride ion.
Hydroxide ion is a polyatomic ion having chemical formula of [tex]OH^{-}[/tex]
By criss-cross method, the oxidation state of the ions gets exchanged and they form the subscripts of the other ions. This results in the formation of a neutral compound.
So, the chemical formula for strontium hydride is [tex]SrH_2[/tex] and for strontium hydroxide is [tex]Sr(OH)_2[/tex]
Thus, the formula of Strontium hydride and strontium hydroxide is [tex]SrH_2\text{ and }Sr(OH)_2[/tex] respectively.
- For d:
Magnesium is the 12th element of periodic table having electronic configuration of [tex][Ne]3s^2[/tex].
To form [tex]Mg^{2+}[/tex] ion, this element will loose 2 electrons.
Manganese is the 25th element of the periodic table having electronic configuration of [tex][Ar]3d^54s^2[/tex]
To form [tex]Mn^{2+}[/tex] ion, this element will loose 2 electrons.
Oxygen is the 8th element of periodic table having electronic configuration of [tex][He]2s^22p^4[/tex].
To form [tex]O^{2-}[/tex] ion, this element will gain 2 electrons.
By criss-cross method, the oxidation state of the ions gets exchanged and they form the subscripts of the other ions. This results in the formation of a neutral compound.
So, the chemical formula for magnesium oxide is MgO and for manganese (II) oxide is MnO.
Thus, the formula of magnesium oxide and manganese (II) oxide is [tex]MgO\text{ and }MnO[/tex] respectively.
