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Transcription is the 1st step in the gene expression (DNA based) by which the information in a sequence of DNA is copied into a molecule of mRNA (messenger RNA). Transcription involves 3 steps:

  • Initiation: In which the DNA molecule sequence unwind and form a small open complex.
  • Elongation: In which RNA polymerase moves with the template strand & synthesizing a messenger RNA.
  • Termination: Occurs when an RNA polymerase crosses a termination sequence in the gene. In the termination step, the mRNA strand is complete & it detaches from DNA.  

RNA polymerase is a multi sub-unite enzyme which is responsible for copying the DNA template into an RNA template during the process of transcription.

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