Answer:
1) Weak base.
2) Weak acid.
Explanation:
1) Which would have a lower pH, a 0.1 M solution of a strong base or a weak base? Why?
Solution with lower pH means that the solution has a lower basic character.
While solution with higher pH means that the solution has a higher basic character.
When we have a 0.1 M solution of a strong base or a weak base, the weak base will have a lower pH because it is not completely dissociated to produce OH⁻ ions.
While, strong base dissociates completely to produce OH⁻ ions, so it will has higher basic character and thus has a higher pH value.
So, weak base will have the lower pH value.
2) Which would have a higher pH, a 0.1 M solution of a strong acid, or a weak acid? Why?
Solution with lower pH means that the solution has a higher acidic character.
While solution with higher pH means that the solution has a lower acidic character.
When we have a 0.1 M solution of a strong acid or a weak acid, the weak acid will have a higher pH because it is not completely dissociated to produce H⁺ ions, so it has a lower acidic character.
While, strong acid dissociates completely to produce H⁺ ions, so it will has higher acidic character and thus has a lower pH value.
So, weak acid will have the higher pH value.
