Answer:
D. mantle plumes
Explanation:
The hotspot volcanism occurs because of mantle plumes. This type of volcanic activity can occur both in oceanic plates, or in continental plates. The mantle plumes are very powerful. They manage to penetrate through the crust without any particular problem, even if it is the the thickest part of the crust. This is why the hot spot volcanism is mostly found in the middle of the tectonic plates, or at least far away from the plate boundaries. The plates move above the mantle plumes, or rather the hotspot, and as they do they drag away with them the volcanoes that have been created. The volcanoes will lose their connection with the hotspot and they will stop being active, but the hotspot will create another, new volcano above, and the process continues. This type of volcanic activity can be seen on the Hawaii Islands, as well as the Yellowstone supervolcano.
