Two thirds of Egypts fertile lands was located in an area called the "black land", which was located on the banks of the river Nile. This area was very fertile due to a layer of rich and dark colored silt that was deposited in the area each year after the river flooded.
This area was known as Nile Delta, a terrain covered in fertile swamplands that ran along the Nile river, allowing this terrain to be suitable for controled irrigation and controled floods. This often resulted in economical surplus and thus in social and cultural development.
