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Socialization can be considered a generic social process that is composed of several sub-processes. what are these sub-processes and what are the preconditions for each that were discussed in class? in what ways do these preconditions and sub-processes contribute to the development of a sense of self in the process of socialization? how do these preconditions relate to those discussed in the required book by handel, cahill and elkin (children and society: the sociology of children and childhood socialization)?

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According to Erik H. Erikson, the process of social development consists of:

  • Infancy: Where the individual learns to trust and mistrust.
  • Toddlerhood: Where the individual discerns challenge vs autonomy.
  • Preschool: Where the individual understands the difference between initiative and guilt.
  • Pre-Adolescence: Where the individual learns about industriousness and inferiority.
  • Adolescence: Where the individual struggles between identity and confusion.
  • Young Adulthood: Where the individual deals between intimacy or isolation
  • Middle-Adulthood: Where the individual confronts the challenge of trying to make the difference.
  • Old Age: Where the individual struggles between integrity and despair.

The mentioned book tries to portrait the development of the individual throughout his years at a school. It uses the early sub-processes of Socialization (Infancy, Toddlerhood, Preschool, Pre-Adolescence, and Adolescence) as a base for its analysis and subsequent conclusions.


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