Answer:- 1. Prophase- The chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and the nuclear envelope disappears .
2. Metaphase -The chromosomes become attached to spindle fibers. They line up across the center of the cell.
3. Anaphase - The chromosomes move away from one another towards the opposite poles of the spindle.
4. Telophase- The chromatids have moved to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed.
5. Cytokinesis- The cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis
Explanation:-
Mitosis is a type of cell division in which one cell divides and forms two cells with equal no. of chromosomes as the parent cell. This type of division usually takes place to make copies of the body cells.The entrie cycle of mitosis takes place in the following phases:-
1.Interphase - During this phase the nucleolus and the nuclear envelope are intact and the chromosomes are in the form of threadlike structure called as chromatin.
2. Prophase - During this phase the chromosomes gets condensed and are now known as chromatids. The nuclear envelope gets broken down.
3. Metaphase - During this phase the chromosomes continue to become more condensed. The spindle fibers attach themselves to the kinetochores present on the chromosomes and the chromosomes gets lined up at the metaphase plate.
4. Anaphase - During this phase the centromere of the chromosomes gets split in to two parts and the chromosomes start moving towards the opposite poles.
5. Telophase - The chromosomes reach the opposite poles and begin to decondense. The nuclear envelope forms again and surrounds each set of chromosome.
6. Cytokinesis - Cyto refers to cytoplasm and kinesis means division. So cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm once all the above phases are over.
Through mitosis, a diploid cell -2n- can divide and produce two new daughter cells, which are also diploid, 2n. The process is done in one phase of four stages and cytokinesis. Matches: 1 d / 2 e,f / 3 c / 4 a / 5 b.
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Let us first review the process of cell division through mitosis.
Mitosis is a process by which, from a diploid somatic cell (2n), two daughter diploid cells (2n) are produced.
First occurs duplication of the cell content, and then the separation into two new cells happens.
Mitosis occurs in only one phase.
• In the PROPHASE, it occurs chromosomes condensation and nuclear membrane breaks.
• During the METAPHASE, chromosomes are taken toward the center of the cell by the spindle apparatus. Once in the equatorial plane, chromosomes line up.
Each chromatid joins with a microtubule of opposites poles.
• In ANAPHASE, bonds between chromatids break. They separate and migrate to the opposite poles.
• In TELOPHASE, duplicated chromosomes are already in the corresponding poles, and the nuclear membrane forms again in each pole.
• Finally, cytokinesis occurs.
Note that, unlike meiosis, in mitosis, it does not occur crossing-over.
Crossing-over makes the daughter cells genetically different from the original one. As it does not occur during mitosis, daughter cells are identical to the original cell.
Now, let us match the phases with what is happening
1. Prophase
2. Metaphase
3. Anaphase
4. Telophase
5. Cytokinesis
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