In the first half of the XX century, movements in pursuit of stronger sense of national identity and cohesion in face of a foreign threat began to emerge in many areas of the world. Of such, we can point out the Xinhai revolution, in 1912, led by Sun Yat Sen (China's first republican president), which deposed the millennia old chinese imperial system in favor of a Republic. In Turkey, a young Marshall named Mustafa Kemal would lead the country to fend off occupying foreign powers to see a unified and secular Tukish Republic emerge from the ashes of the Ottoman Empire, after the first World War, earning him the title of Atatürk (Father of the Turks). A few decades later, another movement led by activist Mohandas Gandhi, this time in India, would see the country gain its independence from the powerful British Empire in 1947. What these movements have in common is the defense of the motherland and the struggle for liberation from any peceived foreign oppression.
Answer: In the first half of the 20th century, many movements to become their own country emerged due to a stronger sense of national identity and cohesion, particularly in face of a foreign threat in many parts of the world. The Xinhai revolution (in 1912), which was led by Sun Yat Sen, is a good example. This movement ended the Chinese imperial system in favor of a Republic. In Turkey, a movement was led by Mustafa Kemal, which fended off occupying foreign powers, and unified the Turkish Republic after the first World War. On the Indian subcontinent, another movement led by Mohandas Gandhi, caused the country to gain its independence from the British Empire in 1947. All of these movements have in common the desire to defend foreign invasion and the struggle for liberation against what the people saw as oppression.
Explanation: (This was my answer when I had the question)
