Answer:
(a) [tex]\left\{\begin{array}{l}0.8m=2\\p+0.2m=3\end{array}\right.[/tex]
(b) correct choice is 2.5 lb peanuts and 2.5 lb mixture (2.5, 2.5);
Step-by-step explanation:
Let p represent the number of pounds of peanuts needed to make the new mixture, and let m represent the number of pounds of the 80% almond-20% peanut mixture.
1. In m pounds of the 80% almond-20% peanut mixture there are 0.8m pounds of almonds and 0.2m pounds of peanuts.
2. When added p pounds of peanuts to m pounds of mixture, you get (p+0.2m) pounds of peanuts and 0.8m pounds of almonds.
3. In 5 pounds of the 40% almond-60% peanut mixture there are [tex]0.6\cdot 5=3[/tex] pounds of peanut and [tex]0.4\cdot 5=2[/tex] pounds of almonds.
(a) Then you get a system of two equations:
[tex]\left\{\begin{array}{l}0.8m=2\\p+0.2m=3\end{array}\right.[/tex]
(b) Solve this system. From the first equation
[tex]m=\dfrac{2}{0.8}=2.5\ pounds,[/tex]
then
[tex]p+0.2\cdot 2.5=3,\\ \\p=3-0.5,\\ \\p=2.5\ pounds.[/tex]