There were more than just 3 countries that colonized the United States and Canada, but there were 3 main ones:
France: France colonized most of what is known as Louisiana, as well as present-day Canada.
Britain: Britain colonized what is known as the Thirteen colonies (Eastern U.S), & acquired Louisiana and present-day Canada after the French & Indian War.
Spain: Spain acquired the western-half of the US, Mexico, and other Central & South American countries.
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