Answer:
The system does 7.4 J of work on the surroundings.
Explanation:
Step 1. Write the chemical equation
2HCl(aq) + CaCO₃(s) ⟶ CaCl₂(aq) + H₂O(ℓ) + CO₂(g)
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Step 2. Calculate the moles of HCl.
n = cV
c = 6.0 mol/L
V = 1.0 mL = 0.0010 L Calculate the moles of HCl
Moles of HCl = 0.0010 × 6.0/1
Moles of HCl = 0.0060 mol
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Step 3. Calculate the moles of CO₂
The molar ratio is 1 mol CO₂:2 mol HCl
Moles of CO₂ = 0.0060 × ½
Moles of CO₂ = 0.0030 mol CO₂
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Step 4. Calculate the volume of CO₂
We can use the Ideal Gas Law
pV =nRT Divide both sides by p
V =(nRT)/p
R = 0.083 14 bar·L·K⁻¹mol⁻¹
T = (25 + 273.15) K = 298.15 K
p = 1 bar Calculate the volume
V = (0.0030× 0.083 14 × 298.15)/1
V = 0.074 L
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Step 5. Calculate the work done.
w = -pΔV
ΔV = V₂ - V₁ = 0.074 L – 0 = 0.074 L Calculate the work done
w = -1 × 0.074
w = -0.074 bar·L Convert to joules
1 bar·L = 100 J
w = -0.074× 100/1
w = -7.4 J
