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Answer:
CFTR( cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) protein is necessary for transport of chloride ion across the cell membrane and chloride ion transport results in the movement of water in and out of the cell which results in dilution of mucus in tissues.
A mutation in the CFTR gene produces a faulty protein that is not able to transport chloride ions efficiently, therefore, the transport of water also hinders into the tissue which results in the thickening of mucus in lungs.
This thick mucus in lungs entraps bacteria and cause respiratory infection and also results in breathing problem which are the symptoms of cystic fibrosis.
A faulty protein alters the movement of chloride ions across the cell membrane as it leads to the inefficient transportation of chloride ions.
It should be noted that cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR protein) is vital for transporting chloride ions across the cell membrane.
The transportation of the chloride ion then brings about the movement of water in and out of the cell and this creates the dilution of mucus in tissues.
When there's a mutation in the CFTR gene, this leads to the production of a faulty protein that cannot transport chloride ions efficiently. In the long run, this leads to breathing problems and respiratory infection.
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