Explain why P(A|D) and P(D|A) from the table below are not equal.
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Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
Recall the definition for conditional probability.
We have P(A/D) = P(A and D)/P(D)
P(AD) = 2/17
P(A) = 8/17 and P(D) = 10/17
From the definition of conditional probability,
P(A/D) = P(AD)/P(D) = 2/17 divided by 10/17 = 1/5
But P(D/A) = P(AD)/P(A) = 2/17 divided by 8/17 = 1/4
Hence the two are not equal.
This is because there is a difference in the denominators
P(A|D) and P(D|A) from the table are not equal because the total number of A and D are not equal
From the table, we have the following parameters:
P(A|D) and P(D|A) are both conditional probabilities, and they are calculated using:
[tex]P(A|D) = \frac{n(A\ and\ D)}{n(D)}[/tex]
[tex]P(D|A) = \frac{n(A\ and\ D)}{n(A)}[/tex]
So, we have:
[tex]P(A|D) = \frac{2}{10}[/tex]
[tex]P(A|D) = 0.2[/tex]
[tex]P(D|A) = \frac{2}{8}[/tex]
[tex]P(D|A) = 0.25[/tex]
From the above computations, we have:
[tex]P(D|A) \ne P(A|D)[/tex]
This is so, because:
The total number of A and D are not equal
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