Criollos factions in Spanish Latin America proclaimed independence in response to the Napoleonic Wars in Europe. So, option (c) is the correct answer.
Which group declared the Spanish Latin independence?
The movement of the children of peninsulares born in Spanish America—who sought their own identity via the indigenous past—of their own symbols and the exaltation of everything American—is referred to as criollismo.
The Bourbon reforms that reduced them to the leading political and clerical positions in New Spain enhanced his identity and served as a catalyst for the start of the insurgent movement and the declaration of independence.
Therefore, criollos are the group that declared the independence,
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