(a) Debt ratio = 0.82
Debt/ Assets = 0.82
Debt/(Debt + Equity) = 0.82
Debt = 0.82Debt + 0.82 Equity
0.18Debt = 0.82 Equity
Equity = 0.18Debt/0.82
Debt/Equity = Debt/(0.18Debt/0.82) = 4.5556
Debt/Equity = 0.82/0.18 =4.5556
Debt-Equity ratio = 4.56 times
(b) Equity Multiple = 1 + Debt-equity ratio
Equity multiplier = 1+4.56 = 5.56
Equity multiplier = 5.56 times