The impact of the outcome of the Peloponnesian war on Greece is huge, it is the end of the domination of the powerful city of Athens in all other Greek cities. Before this war, Athens, dominated by the famous Pericles, was at the head of an important empire. On the cultural, philosophical and scientific levels, the Athenians were also the best in Greece. After the Peloponnesian War, this omnipotence disappeared.
Athens is known to be the inventor of democracy, but this time, it is precisely the lack of diplomacy of the leaders of the city that caused its loss. Indeed, already at the head of a powerful alliance, the Delian League, the Athenians didn’t have enough and wanted to conquer more land, which did not please the city of Sparta, herself at the head of another alliance, the Peloponnesian League. The desire for expansion of Athens inflamed the situation and the war was declared.
It is a long conflict that lasted 27 years, between -431 and -404 BC. Despite their military power far superior to the Spartans, the Athenians lost the war, thanks to the excellent strategies of their opponents who forced them, for example, to remain locked up behind their walls and destroyed all their crops. The city of Athens was also affected by the plague, which kills almost a third of its total population in less than two years. In short, that's not only the end of the long and glorious history of Athens but also how Greece stop to have a real influence in the world.
Grade: 5
Subject: History
Chapter: Greek Mythology
Keywords: impact of Peloponnesian war on Athens, the impact of Peloponnesian, Peloponnesian war history, effects of Peloponnesian war on Athens
The Peloponnesian War ended the hegemony of Athens as the political, social and cultural leader of the Greek city-states.
Further Explanation:
The Greek city-states have been at the forefront of human civilization and have made great strides in the field of discoveries and perfecting the art of warfare. Athens has been the repository of Ancient Greek knowledge and maintained its supremacy by its advanced centers of learning, political thought, and government structures.
It has to be noted that the City-States were independent kingdoms and always engaged in territorial conflicts, and conquer other states. Athens was the central point of the Greek civilizations, and its citizens had amassed great wealth, which enabled Athenians to established a self-proclaimed hegemony over education, culture, science, technology, politics and almost all walks of life. Athens also built up a powerful naval force, enabling it to expand its political and economic control over the prosperous Meditterean routes. The Peloponnesian War, ended the Athenian hegemony, as saw Sparta leading the Greek city-states, and effectively diminished the oligarchic political institutions in Athens.
The outcome of the Peloponnesian War destroyed Athenian democracy, as it had been unable to provide effective leadership during the war. The Athenian hegemony over the Meditteranean was replaced by that of Sparta, which imposed its monarchical institutions, dismantling the oligarchic governmental structure. The Thirty Tyrants Government set up by a Spartan General Lysander began to misuse the powers invested in them, and soon it was evident that they were attempting to establish their own influence over the Athenian kingdom. The Athenian citizens were appalled at this misuse of power and thereby staged a rebellion, resulting in overthrowing of the Thirty Tyrants. While the Athenian influence was weakened, Sparta’s military campaigns extended, and they dominated the Greek forefront.
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Answer Details:
Grade: Graduation
Chapter: Ancient Greek Civilizations
Subject: Ancient History
Keywords:
Greek civilization, Culture, Meditteranean trade routes, culture, military dominance, Spartan influence.
