1 Which example describes animals living in a social hierarchy? Check all that apply.

A a male peacock displaying its feathers to attract females

B a worker bee defends the hive while the queen bee lays eggs
two caribou that fight to live in a certain area

C a prairie dog barks to alert family members when it spots a predator

D a killer whale that lives and hunts alone in the ocean

2 Fight or flight is a response to which kind of stimulus?

A the external stimulus of heat
B the internal stimulus of hunger
C the external stimulus of danger
D the internal stimulus of illness

3 Imprinting is a type of behavior.

A inherited
B learned
C reflex
D instinct

4 Which two terms are most closely related to learned behavior?

A insight and trial-and-error
B reflex and insight
C instinct and trial-and-error
D imprinting and reflex

5 A fox is a type of mammal that is related to dogs. How does a fox most likely respond to hot air temperatures in a way that ectothermic animals cannot?

A by panting, which is in response to an internal stimulus
B by panting, which is in response to an external stimulus
C by moving into the shade, which is in response to an internal stimulus
D by moving into the shade, which is in response to an external stimulus

6 Which are repeated, cyclic behavior patterns related to external stimuli? Check all that apply.

A eating
B panting
C hibernating
D shivering
F migrating

7 Suzanne has a cat and uses a pet carrier to take her cat to the veterinarian. After a few years, the cat runs away and hides every time Suzanne gets the carrier out.

Which best describes the cat’s behavior?

A instinct
B reflex
C conditioned
D imprinting

Social hierarchy is the social organization of a social grouping in a population that is based on ranking in the groups. The ranking s determined through fighting or displaying particular behaviors

2. The answer is C. During a flight or fight response, the levels of adrenaline in the body (produced by the adrenal gland) are higher than normal levels. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for this response. It causes an increase in blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing rate.

3. The answer is A. Imprinting is type of behavior that is acquired with little learning process and the implications of the behaviors are inconsequential in acquiring the behavior. The learning occurs rapidly and at particular ages and can be acquired by observing the parent’s actions such as in filial imprinting.

4. The answer is A. Learned behavior is acquired after a period of practice such as trial and error. An insight is also gained after years of experience. Learned behaviors are flexible (based on consequences of the behavior) hence opposite of imprinting.

5. The answer is B. The fox will begin to pant so as to lose excess heat through the tongue. An ectotherm will move to a shade to bring down its temperatures. Ectotherms regulate their body temperatures based on external environment. Their temperatures, therefore, fluctuate with the environments. Endotherms, like the fox, maintain their body temperatures at a homeostatic temperature using feedback loop mechanisms.

6. The answer is C and F. The cyclic responses are bases on regular changes in the environment such as seasons. Hibernation, for example, occurs every winter while migration occurs in every other season depending on the availability of food resource.

7. The answer is A. A conditioned response occurs due to trained response to an ordinarily and unrelated neutral external stimulus. The initial stage of learning is called acquisition when behavior is gradually strengthened. The neutral stimulus is required to be repeatedly paired with the unconditioned stimulus.