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This is so handy a stat to know. If you drive (my wife and I live out in the country), we do this calculation every time we fill up. It tells us how many miles per gallon we get. I still figure this out in imperial gallons but in Canada the official unit is 100 km / Liter which doesn't tell me much of anything.

Formula
Miles / gallon = Total number of miles / Total number of gallons.

Givens 
distance = 416
Gallons = 16

Substitute and solve
miles/gallon = 416 / 16
miles / gallon = 26 miles per gallon. <<<<< answer

Irrelevant Fact
Just so you have something to compare it to, we have a Honda Fit and it get's between 45 and 50 miles / imperial gallon. So if you live in the USA you would say we got 3.78/4.5 is the conversion factor. We would get 45 * 3.78/4.5 = 37.8 miles / US gallon to 42 miles / US gallon.