Definition:
"Copying of information from DNA to RNA which exit nucleus is known as transcription"
Explanation:
Transcription is a vital process for living organisms, because it is a staring point for protein synthesis. It occurs inside the nucleus and is carried out by RNA polymerase enzyme. In eukaryotes RNA pol is of three types: these are RNA Pol 1, RNA Pol 2, and RNA Pol 3. In prokaryotes it is of only one type.
Steps in transcription:
Transcription consists of three main steps
1. Initiation:
In this step RNA pol attach to DNA template at 5 prime end in the promoter region to start the formation of complementary strand of RNA. In prokaryotes there is a region called Pribnow box, with the consensus sequence TATAAT present about 10 base pair away from site that serves as a transcription initiation. In eukaryotes the promoter region is more complex it contain activator and enhancer.
2. Strand elongation:
Once transcription is initiated, the DNA double helix unwinds and RNA polymerase reads the template strand, adding nucleotides to the 3′ end of the growing chain.
3. Transcription Termination:
Terminator sequences are found close to the ends of non-coding sequences. Before termination polyadenylation occurs.
