Paul is desperate for money to pay his rent. While riding the bus he sees an expensive looking necklace on the neck of a woman next to him. The woman gets up to get off the bus. Knowing that he is about to lose his chance to pay his rent, Paul quickly snatches the necklace off the woman's neck and hurries out the back doorIn his hurry, Paul didn't notice that a group of police officers were standing on the sidewalk right next to the bus stop Paul is quickly arrested and learns later that the necklace was a cheap fake. While Paul's decision to steal the necklace looks pretty foolish in hindsight, at the moment he acted on limited information with little time to weigh costs and benefits . This is known as which of the following?