Making a profit in the highly competitive and challenging automotive industry is no easy task for U.S. auto manufacturers like the Ford Motor Company. The automotive sector is characterized by intense competition, rapidly changing consumer preferences, high production costs, and significant investments in research and development. Understanding the relationship between costs, profits, and sales volume is important for businesses like Ford to make sound business decisions.

a. They provide insight into the details of network communications.
b. They provide the foundation for communications over the internet.
c. They provide the ability to modify network communications.
d. They provide the ability to visualize network communications.