A process vessel is to be designed for a maximum operating pressure of 500 kN/m2. The vessel has a nominal diameter (outer dia) of 1.2 m and tangent to the tangent length is 2.4 m. The vessel is made up of steel having an allowable design stress value of 118 MN/m2 at working temperature. The corrosion allowance is suggested to be 2mm for the life span, expected for the vessel. Joint efficiency is 0.85.