A neurotransmitter binds to a metabotropic receptor on a neuron, which elicits an intracellular signaling cascade that opens a channel permeable to chloride. You do not know the distribution of chloride in and outside of this cell. What can you conclude?

- If chloride is highly concentrated inside, this neurotransmitter will produce an excitatory response.
- If chloride is highly concentrated outside, this neurotransmitter will produce an excitatory response.
- Because the ion flowing is chloride, this neurotransmitter produces an inhibitory response.