What risk factors make surgical management necessary for a clavicular fx?
a) Open or compound fractures, where the broken bone pierces through the skin, increasing the risk of infection and requiring surgical intervention for wound management and stabilization.
b) Displaced fractures with significant displacement or shortening of the clavicle, which can lead to malunion or nonunion if not properly aligned and stabilized surgically.
c) Fractures associated with neurovascular compromise, such as injury to the brachial plexus or subclavian vessels, which may necessitate surgical exploration and repair.
d) Fractures in certain high-demand or physically active individuals, such as athletes or manual laborers, where early return to function and optimal anatomical alignment are critical, often prompting surgical intervention for faster and more reliable recovery.