A 42-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up examination 1 week after he passed a renal calculus. X-ray crystallographic analysis of the calculus showed calcium as the primary cation. Physical examination today shows no abnormalities. A 24-hour collection of urine shows increased calcium excretion. Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy?
a. Osmotic diuretic
b. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
c. Na+-Cl− symport inhibitor
d. Na+-K+-2Cl− symport inhibitor