If the IABP cannot be successfully triggered using the R waves from the ECG trace, pacing spikes or the arterial blood pressure waveform may be used for triggering. Alternatively, the pump can be set at an intrinsic rate without any physiological triggering. The IABP may automatically use these other modes as default backups if ECG-triggered timing is not possible. If the patient remains hemodynamically stable despite the IABP malfunctioning, it might be a good time to think about removing the IABP. Treating any underlying causes of arrhythmia is also a good idea!
Which of the following serves as an alternative trigger for the IABP?
a) ECG spikes
b) Pacing spikes
c) Heart murmurs
d) Pulse oximetry readings