Throughout the course, we will be comparing the different regions (Europe, Americas, Africa, and Asia) in terms of the themes PIECES (Political, Innovation, Economy, Culture, Environment, and Social). Karl Marx stated, “history repeats itself, first as tragedy, second as farce.” This means the second time an event happens it is comical because we haven’t learned the lesson. To help us learn from history, we will start comparing the regions in terms of PIECES in different time periods. At the end of each module, we are going to discuss some commonalities and differences.


Choose one event from the Modern Period that can be considered a turning point. Remember a turning point is an event that would have changed history in terms of PIECES themes you will need to use the ACES format which means 3-5 sentences.