What happens when people shift the burden of proof in an argument?

Responses

They distort another person’s position and argue against the false position instead of the real one.
They distort another person’s position and argue against the false position instead of the real one.

They claim that if there is no evidence against their argument, then their argument is true.
They claim that if there is no evidence against their argument, then their argument is true.

They assume that one event caused another event, without making direct links between the two events.
They assume that one event caused another event, without making direct links between the two events.

They bring up an unrelated subject and argue against that, rather than the topic.