STORIES OF USEFUL INVENTIONS, excerpt
THE MATCH
There never was a time when the world was without fire, but there was a time when men did not know how to kindie five, and after they learned how to kindle one, it was a long, long time before they learned how to kindle one easily. In
these days we can kindle a fire without any trouble, because we can easily get a match, but we must remember that the match is one of the most wonderful things in the world, and that it took men thousands of years to leam how to make
one Let us leam the history of this tamilar attie object, the match
Eve was first given to man by nature set When a forest is set on fire by cinders from a neighboring volcano, or when a tree is set ablaze by a thunderbot, we may say that nature strikes a match in the early history of the world, nature
had to kindle all the fires, for man by his own effort was unable to produce a spark The first method, then, of getting fire for use was to light sticks of wood at a flame kindled by nature-by a volcano, perhaps, or by a stroke of lightning
These frebrands were camed to the home and used in kinding the fres there. The fire secured in this way was carefully guarded and was kept burning as long as possible. But the fame, however faithfully watched, would sometimes be
extinguished A sudden gust of wind or a sudden shower would put & out Then a new frebrand would have to be secured, and this often meant a long journey and a deal of trouble
in 1827, John Walker, a druggst in a smalt English town, tipped a spint with sulphur, chlorate of potash, and sulphid of antimony, and rubbed it on sandpaper, and it burst into fame. The druggist had discovered the first friction-chemical
match the kind we use to day. It is called thction chemical because it is made by moang certain chemicals together and rubbing them Athough Walker's match did not require the bottle of acid, nevertheless it was not a good one. It could
be lighted only by hard rubbing, and a sputtered and threw tre in all directions in a few years, however, phosphorus was substituted on the tip for antimony, and the change worked wonders. The match could now be lighted with very ste
rubbing and it was no longer necessary to have sandpaper upon which to rub It would ignite when rubbed on any dry surface, and there was no longer any sputtering This was the phosphorus match, the match with which we are so

Which of the following is the best paraphrase of the second paragraph?

OFire often comes from nature, such as a volcano or lightening striking a tree. Before humans could create their own fire, it only came from nature Humans first got their own fire by lighting sticks of wood from where nature
caused a fre. People guarded the fres to keep them from going out, except that sometimes, it would go out Wind or rain would put out the fire and then they would have to find more fire
OFee was first only available from natural causes, such as volcanos or lighting strikes Humans would take fire from natural causes and bring it home
O in 1827, a man named John Walker came up with a formula of friction (sandpaper) and chemicals (sulphur, chiorate of potash, and sulphid of antimony) to create the very first match. It didn't work incredibly well, as it needed a
very hard strike and fire got everywhere, so he changed his formula later Matches now needed less pressure and different chemicals and didn't need to be struck on sandpaper. These are the phosphorus matches that we still use
today
O The earth has always had fire, but humans didn't know how to make it themselves. After they finally learned, it was hard for them for a while. Today, it's easy because we can just get a match, but matches are amazing it took
humans many years to learn to make matches, so let's examine the history of the match